Melatonin supplementation protects against the benzo(e)pyrene cytotoxicity and optic cup formation disruption in chicken embryos
Melatonin counteracted benzo(e)pyrene embryotoxicity
Keywords:
benzo(e)pyrene, melatonin, melatonin receptors, optic cup, cytotoxicity, chicken embryo, trypan blue assay
Abstract
Benzo(e)pyrene is a cytotoxic chemical to the eyes, while neurohormone melatonin may exhibit protective effects on this cytotoxicity. In the current study, we have investigated the cytotoxic effects of benzo(e)pyrene on the chicken embryonic optic cups formation and whether melatonin supplementation protects chicken embryos against this xenobiotic toxicity. Fertilized chicken eggs were incubated for 48 h and then, they were divided into different groups. These groups included basal (without any treatment), control (distilled water), benzo(e)pyrene, melatonin and benzo(e)pyrene + melatonin groups, respectively. The 10 µl of distilled water or same volume of solution containing treatment compounds were injected into the air sac of the chicken egg. After an additional 18 h of incubation, the chicken embryos were excised and analyzed. The cytotoxicity was measured by a colorimetric whole chick embryo trypan blue assay. In embryos from basal, control and melatonin (0.01, 1 and 100 µM) groups, the frequency of the embryos with normal optic cups was 100% and had no increase in the embryonic cell death observed in post excision. In contrast, the frequency of normal optic cups in the benzo(e)pyrene (0.02 to 1200 µM) groups was significantly reduced (log IC50= -4.24 ± 0.02, R2= 0.98) with concentration-responsive manner. In addition, an increase in the embryonic cell death was also observed (log IC50 = -7.23 ± 0.28; R2 = 0.63). Melatonin treatment dose-responsively inhibited the benzo(e)pyrene-induced optic cups abnormality by 22.35 ± 4.06, 76.38 ± 3.30 and 100 % at the concentrations of 0.01, 1 and 100 µM, respectively. This same phenomenon was also observed in benzo(e)pyrene-induced embryonic cell death, i.e., melatonin suppressed the embryonic cell death by 16.67 ± 4.17, 54.17 ± 4.17 and 100 % with the abovementioned concentrations, respectively. Thus, melatonin supplementation injected into the chicken eggs protected against the benzo(e)pyrene embryotoxicity. Different pathways can be involved in melatonin’s protective effects.
References
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33. Man'cheva TA, Demidov DV, Plotnikova NA, Kharitonova TV, Pashkevich IV, Anisimov VN (2011) Melatonin and metformin inhibit skin carcinogenesis and lipid peroxidation induced by benz(a)pyrene in female mice. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 151: 363-365.
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35. Murawska-Ciałowicz E, Jethon Z, Magdalan J, Januszewska L, Podhorska-Okołów M, Zawadzki M, Sozański T, Dzięgiel P (2011) Effects of melatonin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in the liver, kidneys and brain of rats administered with benzo(a)pyrene. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 63: 97-103.
36. Vesnushkin GM, Plotnikova NA, Semenchenko AI, Anisimov VN (2006) Dose-dependent inhibitory effect of melatonin on carcinogenesis induced by benzo[a]pyrene in mice. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 25: 507-513.
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Published
2020-06-01
How to Cite
[1]
Soares, F.T., Guimarães, H.O., da Silveira, P.M.S., de Sá, A.M.A. and Sampaio, L. de F.S. 2020. Melatonin supplementation protects against the benzo(e)pyrene cytotoxicity and optic cup formation disruption in chicken embryos. Melatonin Research. 3, 2 (Jun. 2020), 210-215. DOI:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32794/mr11250058.
Section
Research Articles
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